Some Thoughts on Good and Evil

In 1987, in Detroit, an airplane crashed, killing some 148 passengers and six crew. However, in the wreckage, a lone infant was found alive. Overnight, the world media were filled with expressions of “God is Great!”, “God is all-merciful,”, “Praise God.”  

Wait a minute! Almighty, all-loving, all-knowing God just murdered 154 people in cold blood. I’m not hearing any criticisms of God. It must be part of his all-loving plan for us. “God is good — all the time.”

I think that even religious people don’t really believe this malarky. Rather, people see an overwhelming background of evil and suffering as the default condition. Once in a while, God creates a miracle and does something good. The existence of any small good at all is cause for praise and celebration. One good amidst a hundred evils is proof of God’s existence.

This psychology of a default evil is not too far from the Buddhist doctrine that “All life is suffering.”

I had a daughter who died of cancer at the age of seven. Family members prayed for her survival, to no avail. She might have survived if God had answered their prayers, but He chose not to intervene, so she died. Again, suffering was the default condition, so the family were not unduly shaken by God’s inaction. Their faith was not changed, and they continued to pray for an array of other divine interventions. God was still good, all the time.

Incidentally, there have been a host of scientific studies on the effects of prayer on healing. Some have been positive, while most have shown no effect. Some even demonstrate that patients who know they are being prayed for suffer even adverse outcomes. Never mind, miracle healings do occur, and with no other rational explanations, people naturally ascribe them to divine interventions.

A long time ago, I saw a movie called something like “The Debate”, about two Jews — maybe brothers — who somehow escaped the Nazi concentration camps and met years later. One had renounced his fate, after seeing the horrors that God had permitted. [Remember that old Emerson, Lake, and Palmer line, “Why did He lose, six million Jews?”?] The other had become a devout rabbi. When the apostate brother asked him how he could have become a rabbi after witnessing and escaping the horrors, he replied, “The Holocaust proved that there is right and wrong in this world.” In some Hegelian way, the existence of evil implies the existence of good.

The bottom line is, “God chooses.” A soldier who gets ‘foxhole religion’ sees the guy next to him have his head blown off while he remains alive. Why does God choose for one soldier to live while the other dies?

If I pray to God to help me be admitted to University X, that means someone else will be denied admission. Does God believe in affirmative action?

I’m often amused by high school football games, where before the game, team A huddles for the ‘team prayer’, basically asking God to help them beat the shit out of team B. Simultaneously (and known to team A), team B across the field is asking God to help them beat the shit out of team A. Does each team think that they can out-pray the competition?

The football prayer illustrates not only that we believe God can take sides, but that we can influence that choice by praying fervently enough. This leads to a slippery slope, as follows:

Suppose I pray to God to help me win a tennis match. This is equivalent to asking God to help my opponent lose the match. That is asking God for a negative outcome, or ‘evil’, if you will. Once you start asking God for negatives: “God, make my opponent lose this match”, you might as well ask for specifics: “God, make my opponent break his leg.” From there it is only a short step to issuing curses on people. Just as we ask God, before our meal, to ‘bless’ our food (whatever the heck that means), we might as well ask him to curse the food of our political opponents.

No, the arrogance of trying to manipulate God into choosing our side doesn’t make much sense to me. As Jim Morrison (The Doors, Soft Parade) put it: “YOU CANNOT petition the Lord with prayer!” If God, once in a while, performs some unsolicited miracle (seemingly either bad or good in our eyes), that is His business, not ours to question.

WHAT’S WRONG WITH AFRICA?

I love Africa. I spent 12 years there, living in 5 very different countries — Nigeria, Lesotho, Ivory Coast, Mozambique, and Uganda — and travelling in most of the rest. In each case, I left, disillusioned at the lack of progress, at how African countries seemed to be working against their own interests. But each time I left, I went back, longing for the continent I loved.

I went to Cambodia just after the Khmer Rouge auto-genocide of some 2 million people. This had to be the lowest point of humanity in all of history. And yet, 29 years after I went to that basket case, the country has risen to the point of being classified a ‘lower middle-class’ country. It has surpassed almost all, if not all, African countries. So what’s wrong with Africa?

This question is not answered in the media, because most answers would be attacked as racist. “What’s wrong with Africans?” is pretty demeaning. But in my view, even to generalize the people as ‘Africans’ is racist, or at least ill-informed. On that huge continent, the people are as different as night and day.

I learned this when I first went to Nigeria, or more precisely, Maiduguri in Bornu — far north-east Nigeria near Lake Chad. Yes, that’s the place where the Boko Haram kidnapped those girls and have committed all sorts of atrocities. I was there to set up a new university, still existing as the University of Maiduguri. The people there are Kanuri: tall and thin, very dark-skinned, Muslim, and islamic-educated. We had several Ibo and other lecturers at our new university. They are short, stocky, and mostly Christian-educated, from Southeast Nigeria. They felt as foreign and out-of-place in Bornu as I did. I did most of my socializing with the ‘foreign’ Ibos, since we had so much more in common. Certainly these two groups of people could not be lumped together in any generalized ‘African’ rubric.

The Ibos and the Kanuris hated each other. Northern Nigeria had been instrumental in the starvation of thousands of Ibos back in the Biafra days. And therein lies, in my opinion, the crux of Africa’s problems. In a word: tribalism.

Just a few days ago was the 30th anniversary of the Rwanda massacre, where some 800,000 people were slaughtered. Then the West foisted ‘democracy’ on the country. Do you think that any Tutsi would vote for a Hutu? Not a chance. They vote for their own tribe, no matter how corrupt of criminal the candidate. That is the case all over Africa. ‘Democratic’ voting is by tribe, not by policy, intelligence, or philosophy.

Democracy is only a facade in Africa, as the parties are tribal factions, not real political parties. Are there any relative successes in Africa? True, you only hear about the horror stories in the media, but I’m not hearing about successes, except those silly happy-news Africa programs on CNN, which tell me nothing.

Sadly, it seems that the relative successes are countries where a strongman, who controls the army, keeps the tribes from killing each other. I lived in the Ivory Coast under President Houphouet-Boigny, who kept the Baoulé and the Bété from each others’  throats. It was the most developed country in Africa, and a real joy to live in. But when Houphouet left the scene, the country descended into chaos. One could also point to similar strongmen like Hastings Banda in Malawi, Jomo Kenyatta in Kenya, Julius Nyerere in Tanzania, and others, where the strongman kept the country together, but where chaos ensued after their departure.

Of course, there were other leaders who stayed in power simply by killing off the opposition tribe(s): Idi Amin in Uganda, Sekou Toure in Guinea, Robert Mugabe in Zimbabwe.

I also blame the colonial powers for drawing arbitrary lines on a map to form the newly independent countries. This process lumped together tribes who had hated each other and who had been killing and enslaving each other for centuries. They put the Hutus and the Tutsis together in the same ‘nation’. What did they expect? There again, it would be nonsensical to brand the tall, thin Tutsis, and the shorter Hutus with the same epithet of ‘Africans’.

I guess you can understand from the above why the media won’t touch this subject. I’m sure I will be attacked, but so be it.

What I’m not hearing about Targeting

The word ‘targeting’ is being tossed around a lot lately, especially in light of the ‘targeted’ killing of the aid convoy in Gaza.

The IDF apparently used AI to inform them that the convoy had Hamas fighters in it. They therefore ‘targeted’ the convoy, in the sense that they hit the convoy they were aiming at. It was no accidental or stray fire that hit the aid workers; it was clearly intentional.

(Aside: these days, AI is generally praised as God’s answer to everything. I find it surprisingly ironic that the IDF is condemned for using AI. “How dare they use AI in their decision making.”)

Now the media, especially CNN, are twisting the word ‘target’ to claim that the IDF was specifically trying to kill aid workers. I don’t see any reason for the IDF to whip up international wrath in this way.

The same way that Russia and Israel ‘target’ hospitals. Yes, they were aiming at the hospitals, in the belief that the enemy were operating there (e.g. Al Shifa in Gaza). That is targeting in one sense of the word. But intentionally trying to kill civilians is a different meaning of the word.

So be sure which meaning you are referring to.

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